{"id":297435,"date":"2024-06-15T08:28:18","date_gmt":"2024-06-15T05:28:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/flower.indigotrade.gr\/giati-mavrizoun-oi-ntomates\/"},"modified":"2026-10-03T11:33:48","modified_gmt":"2026-10-03T08:33:48","slug":"warum-tomaten-schwarz-werden-bluetenendfaeule","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/flowerstore.gr\/de\/giati-mavrizoun-oi-ntomates\/","title":{"rendered":"Warum werden meine Tomaten schwarz? Bl\u00fctenendf\u00e4ule erkennen und vorbeugen"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align:justify\">Viele Hobbyg\u00e4rtner kennen das Problem: W\u00e4hrend der Reife werden Tomatenfr\u00fcchte schwarz, vor allem an der Unterseite. Dasselbe Symptom tritt h\u00e4ufig auch bei Paprika und Wassermelonen auf. Diese Erscheinung, bekannt als Bl\u00fctenendf\u00e4ule, geht auf einen Calciummangel in der Frucht zur\u00fcck \u2013 Calcium ist ein unverzichtbarer N\u00e4hrstoff f\u00fcr gesundes Pflanzenwachstum. Ein Mangel st\u00f6rt die Entwicklung des Fruchtgewebes, hemmt das Wachstum der Fr\u00fcchte und f\u00fchrt zu schwarzen Flecken und Verf\u00e4rbungen.<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align:justify\">Symptome von Calciummangel bei Tomaten:<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Bl\u00fctenendf\u00e4ule: Das h\u00e4ufigste Anzeichen f\u00fcr Calciummangel bei Tomaten ist die Bl\u00fctenendf\u00e4ule an der Unterseite der Frucht. Sie beginnt mit runden, w\u00e4ssrigen oder \u00f6lig wirkenden Flecken an den gr\u00fcnen Fr\u00fcchten, die sich vergr\u00f6\u00dfern, braunschwarz werden und eine trockene, eingesunkene, ledrige Struktur bekommen. Im Verlauf der Reife k\u00f6nnen sich an dieser Stelle Pilze ansiedeln, sodass die Frucht fault.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Risse in den Fr\u00fcchten: Unregelm\u00e4\u00dfige Wasser- und N\u00e4hrstoffversorgung kann auch Risse beg\u00fcnstigen, besonders bei gro\u00dffr\u00fcchtigen Sorten. Die Risse entstehen meist rund um den Stielansatz und k\u00f6nnen sich \u00fcber die Frucht ziehen.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Langsame Reife: Ein Calciummangel kann die Reife verz\u00f6gern und Qualit\u00e4t sowie Geschmack der Fr\u00fcchte beeintr\u00e4chtigen.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Schwaches Blattwachstum: Junge Bl\u00e4tter k\u00f6nnen klein und br\u00fcchig sein und an R\u00e4ndern und Adern Chlorosen (Gelbf\u00e4rbung) zeigen. In schweren F\u00e4llen entstehen nekrotische Flecken, die an den R\u00e4ndern beginnen und zur Blattmitte fortschreiten.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4 style=\"text-align:justify\">Was verursacht Calciummangel?<\/h4>\n<p style=\"text-align:justify\">Calciummangel kann durch eine zu starke Stickstoffd\u00fcngung entstehen: Zu viel Stickstoffd\u00fcnger bringt das N\u00e4hrstoffgleichgewicht im Boden durcheinander und vermindert die Calciumaufnahme der Pflanzen.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:justify\">Auch starke Temperaturschwankungen, Pflanzungen in kalten, sauren oder salzhaltigen B\u00f6den sowie hohe Temperaturen w\u00e4hrend der Fruchtbildung k\u00f6nnen den Calciummangel beg\u00fcnstigen.<br \/> Unregelm\u00e4\u00dfiges Gie\u00dfen ist ein weiterer Faktor, der die Calciumaufnahme beeinflusst. Pl\u00f6tzliche Schwankungen der Bodenfeuchte \u2013 durch zu viel oder zu wenig Wasser \u2013 f\u00f6rdern die Bl\u00fctenendf\u00e4ule. Und nicht zuletzt spielt auch ein Magnesiummangel eine Rolle.<\/p>\n<h4 style=\"text-align:justify\">So beugen Sie Calciummangel vor \u2013 und behandeln ihn<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Boden verbessern: Arbeiten Sie vor der Pflanzung einen calciumhaltigen D\u00fcnger, einen n\u00e4hrstoffreichen organischen D\u00fcnger oder Kalksteinmehl ein, um den Calciumgehalt im Boden zu erh\u00f6hen. Achten Sie auf einen pH-Wert zwischen 6,0 und 6,8, denn Tomaten gedeihen am besten in leicht sauren B\u00f6den.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Gleichm\u00e4\u00dfig gie\u00dfen: Vermeiden Sie Trockenheit, da sie den Calciummangel verst\u00e4rkt. Gie\u00dfen Sie regelm\u00e4\u00dfig und durchdringend, besonders w\u00e4hrend der Fruchtbildung. Eine Mulchschicht hilft, die Bodenfeuchte gleichm\u00e4\u00dfig zu halten.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ausgewogen d\u00fcngen: Vermeiden Sie zu viel Stickstoffd\u00fcnger, denn ein hoher Stickstoffgehalt kann die Calciumaufnahme vermindern. Verwenden Sie einen ausgewogenen D\u00fcnger mit Stickstoff, Phosphor und Kalium. Verzichten Sie auf D\u00fcnger oder Mist unbekannter Zusammensetzung.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Blattd\u00fcngung: Bei starkem Mangel k\u00f6nnen Sie eine Blattspritzung mit Calciumchlorid- oder Calciumnitrat-L\u00f6sung durchf\u00fchren. Alternativ k\u00f6nnen Sie w\u00e4hrend der Fruchtbildung etwa alle 15 Tage mit einem fl\u00fcssigen organischen Calciumd\u00fcnger spritzen. Halten Sie sich an die Herstellerangaben zu Verd\u00fcnnung und H\u00e4ufigkeit.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align:justify\">Verwenden Sie speziellen Pflanzenkalk bzw. Calciumd\u00fcnger f\u00fcr Pflanzen (keinen Baukalk).<\/p>\n<h4 style=\"text-align:justify\"><strong>Calcium-Optionen:<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p style=\"text-align:justify\">\u2022    Organisches Calcium-Magnesium aus Muschelschalen (sofort verf\u00fcgbar, f\u00fcr den \u00f6kologischen Anbau geeignet).<br \/> \u2022    Fl\u00fcssiger organischer D\u00fcnger mit Calcium (sofort verf\u00fcgbar, zur Blattd\u00fcngung oder zum Gie\u00dfen).<br \/> \u2022    Calciumcarbonat (Kalksteinmehl) \u2013 3\u20134 Monate vor der Pflanzung in den Boden einarbeiten.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:justify\">Ziehen Sie Ihre Tomaten an einem sonnigen Standort mit guter Drainage.<br \/> Achten Sie auf richtiges Gie\u00dfen, D\u00fcngen und eine gute Gartenpraxis, damit Ihre Pflanzen gesund bleiben.<br \/> Mit der richtigen Pflege k\u00f6nnen Sie schwarze Stellen an Tomaten, Paprika und Wassermelonen verhindern oder deutlich reduzieren \u2013 f\u00fcr eine reiche und gesunde Ernte.  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\u03c3\u03cd\u03bc\u03c0\u03c4\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bc\u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b9\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03c0\u03bf\u03cd\u03b6\u03b9. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03c6\u03b1\u03b9\u03bd\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf, \u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c9\u03c2 &#8220;\u03be\u03b7\u03c1\u03ae \u03ba\u03bf\u03c1\u03c5\u03c6\u03ae&#8221; \u03ae \u03c4\u03ac\u03c0\u03b1 \u03bf\u03c6\u03b5\u03af\u03bb\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ad\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c8\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c3\u03b2\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03af\u03bf\u03c5, \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03af\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b8\u03c1\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd 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